Rainwater falls, toxic or other hazardous chemicals dissolve in the Rainwater and if adequate safety measures have not been put in place these chemicals, in the form of solution or slurry can contaminate the surrounding land and waterways.

A properly constructed waste disposal site will provision for collecting, treating and disposing of leachate. Measures to protect the surrounding areas will have included an impermeable membrane or manufactured clayey liner; a drainage system should have been constructed within the landfill, to deliver leachate into a proper receptacle from which it can be extracted and treated. Unfortunately, again, theory is one thing and practice is another. A landfill site, by its very nature, is prone to settlement which means that any pipes within the body of the landfill are likely to be disturbed or even destroyed. Any biological material within the system will eventually decay; the presence of water will accelerate this and this will cause further settlement of the mass. Constructing a satisfactory drainage system which will extract leachate over the long term under these circumstances demands considerable thought and not a little expense right at the design stage.

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One major problem with a drainage system is that maintenance of it and removal of the leachate may well carry on satisfactorily while the landfill site is still growing but once it has been completed toxins may still leach out for many years, or even many decades to come and this can create considerable problems in the future if an effective long-term maintenance schedule has not been arranged. Even the most satisfactory schedule can be thrown into complete chaos if a private company is responsible for this work, and it gets into difficulties or even goes into liquidation, which is quite a distinct possibility for a waste disposal enterprise which has run out of waste disposal space! This is a problem which is not only likely to be with us in the future but which will most probably get worse; electrical equipment such as televisions, computers, music recording and playback devices are becoming extremely cheap but many of them contain small quantities of very dangerous chemicals, particularly the heavy metals; the very small quantity of these present is a particular problem because it makes their removal far more difficult and unlikely. In addition the world is moving over to low energy light bulbs, most of which at present contain mercury and it is extremely unlikely that many millions of these will end up in landfill sites. Recycling and waste disposal may not be the most exciting subjects to talk about, but it is vital that a properly planned process is initiated as soon as possible, otherwise future generations may end up living in one huge toxic dump.